linux系統下mysql的安裝步驟

這篇文章主要講解了“l(fā)inux系統下的安裝步驟”，文中的講解內容簡(jiǎn)單清晰，易于學(xué)習與理解，下面請大家跟著(zhù)小編的思路慢慢深入，一起來(lái)研究和學(xué)習“l(fā)inux系統下mysql的安裝步驟”吧！

1：首先下載mysql 二進(jìn)制安裝文件
mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
存放目錄/u01/soft/mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
tar -xf mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.17
進(jìn)行cmake，但是提示沒(méi)有安裝cmake

2:下載cmake
cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
tar -xf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
./configure
make && make install

3:進(jìn)行cmake
    先創(chuàng )建mysql 安裝目錄以及數據文件存放目錄
        mkdir -p /mysql
        mkdir -p /mysql/data
    同時(shí)需要創(chuàng )建mysql 賬號
        useradd mysql
        passwd mysql
    再進(jìn)行目錄授權：
        chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql
   cd mysql-5.6.17
 cmake \
        -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/mysql/ \               //mysql軟件安裝的根目錄
        -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mysql/data \                   //mysql 數據文件存放目錄
        -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \                                    //mysql 配置文件(my.cnf)目錄
        -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \         //存儲引擎選項
        -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \    //以啟用InnoDB、引擎支持：
        -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
        -DWITH_READLINE=1 \                                 
        -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \   
        -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
        -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \                          //啟用加載本地數據
        -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \        
        -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
        -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \                           //默認字符集
        -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci          //字符集校對
    進(jìn)行編譯，編譯時(shí)報錯如下：
            heck size of wctype_t - done
            -- Check size of wint_t
            -- Check size of wint_t - done
            -- Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH) 
                CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):
                  Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,               remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
            Call Stack (most recent call first):
              cmake/readline.cmake:128 (FIND_CURSES)
              cmake/readline.cmake:202 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_EDITLINE)
              CMakeLists.txt:411 (MYSQL_CHECK_EDITLINE)
    這個(gè)報錯是提示缺少ncurses-devel依賴(lài)包
    進(jìn)行下載：ncurses-devel-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64.rpm
        rpm -ivh ncurses-devel-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64.rpm 
        warning: ncurses-devel-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
        Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:ncurses-devel          ########################################### [100%]
    同時(shí)rm -rf CMakeCache.txt 然后進(jìn)行重新cmake
        完成之后，進(jìn)行make &&　make install 進(jìn)行mysql 安裝
        - Installing: /mysql/man/man1/msql2mysql.1
        -- Installing: /mysql/man/man8/mysqld.8
        -- Installing: /mysql/support-files/solaris/postinstall-solaris
        算安裝完成了，接下來(lái)就需要進(jìn)行配置
4： 進(jìn)入到mysql的安裝目錄，/mysql下：進(jìn)行mysql 數據庫初始化
        scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=mysql --datadir=/mysql/data --user=mysql  //初始化mysql數據庫
      但是報錯
        [root@db_test scripts]# ./mysql_install_db  --basedir=mysql --datadir=/mysql/data --user=mysql
            FATAL ERROR: Could not find ./bin/my_print_defaults
               cd  /u01/soft/mysql-5.6.17/support-files
         
            cp  my-default.cnf /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf //copy配置文件

            [root@db_test support-files]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql
        vi /my.cnf 添加以下內容
    [mysqld]
    basedir = /mysql          
    datadir = /mysql/data  
    log-error = /mysql/mysql_error.log          
    pid-file = /mysql/mysql.pid          
    user = mysql
    tmpdir = /tmp 

    初始化mysql數據庫
[root@db_test scripts]# ./mysql_install_db  --basedir=/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...2017-05-11 15:01:56 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Log scan progressed past the checkpoint lsn 1600617
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Database was not shutdown normally!
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages 
2017-05-11 15:01:56 8161 [Note] InnoDB: from the doublewrite buffer...

    或使用下列命令把mysql添加為系統服務(wù)
    cd/mysql/support-files/   
    cp ./mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  
    /etc/init.d/mysqld start

    在配置環(huán)境變量
export PATH=$PATH:/mysql/bin

    [mysql@db_test ~]$ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.17 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>