Mysql搭建主從復制的方法

本篇內容主要講解“搭建主從復制的方法”，感興趣的朋友不妨來(lái)看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡(jiǎn)單快捷，實(shí)用性強。下面就讓小編來(lái)帶大家學(xué)習“Mysql搭建主從復制的方法”吧!

主庫:192.168.1.1

從庫:192.168.1.2

數據文件存放位置:/data/datafile

待同步數據庫:repdb

一.設置MASTER

1.修改my.cnf

# vi /etc/my.cnf

server-id = 1

log-bin

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

2.賦予SLAVE權限帳號,允許用戶(hù)在SLAVE上LOAD TABLE和LOAD DATA

mysql>GRANT FILE,SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO user_rep@192.168.1.2 IDENTIFIED BY 'rep123';

3.鎖主庫表

mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;

4.顯示主庫信息

記錄File和Position,從庫設置將會(huì )用到

mysql>SHOW MASTER STATUS G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

File: mysql-bin.000030

Position: 391156558

Binlog_Do_DB:

Binlog_Ignore_DB:

5.另開(kāi)一個(gè)終端,打包主庫

/data/datafile/ # tar cvf repdb.tar repdb

二.設置SLAVE

1.傳輸拿到主庫包,解包

/data/datafile/ # scp 192.168.1.1:/data/datafile/repdb.tar .

/data/datafile # tar xvf repdb.tar

2.解鎖主庫表

mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;

3.查看修改repdb文件夾權限

/data/datafile # chown mysql:mysql repdb -R

4.修改my.cnf

# vi /etc/my.cnf

#slave

server-id=2

master-host=192.168.1.1

master-user=user_rep

master-password=rep123

master-port=3306

replicate-do-db=repdb

5.驗證連接MASTER

# mysql -h292.168.1.1 -uuser_rep -prep123

mysql>show grants;

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user_rep@192.168.1.2 |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT SELECT, FILE, REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO user_rep@192.168.1.2 IDENTIFIED BY
PASSWORD '*9FF2C222F44C7BBA5CC7E3BE8573AA4E1776278C' |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

6.本地登錄mysql

設置連接MASTER MASTER_LOG_FILE為主庫的File

MASTER_LOG_POS為主庫的Position

mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO

MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.1',

MASTER_USER='user_rep',

MASTER_PASSWORD='rep123',

MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000030',

MASTER_LOG_POS=391156558;

7.啟動(dòng)SLAVE服務(wù)

mysql>slave start;

8.本地登錄mysql,查看SLAVE狀態(tài)

mysql>SHOW SLAVE STATUS G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.1
Master_User: user_rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: binlog.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_File: relay.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 232
Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 232
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Slave_IO_Running 和Slave_SQL_Running 兩列的值都為 "Yes",表明 Slave 的 I/O 和 SQL 線(xiàn)程都在正常運行.

到此主從庫搭建成功. []

從庫SLAVE啟動(dòng)問(wèn)題

由于一些錯誤操作導致CHANGE MASTER和SLAVE服務(wù)無(wú)法啟動(dòng),系統報錯如下:

Could not initialize master info structure; more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log.

無(wú)法初始化master info結構;MySQL錯誤日志記錄了更詳細的錯誤信息.

解決方法:

1.查看MySQL錯誤日志,查看原因.

如:同步的上一個(gè)Position是多少.

很多情況下無(wú)法啟動(dòng)服務(wù)是由于mysql識別的同步始終停留在上一個(gè)Position上.

2.查看master.info和relay-log.info

master.info 記錄MASTER相關(guān)信息

14
mysql-bin.000030
391156558
192.168.1.1
user_rep
rep123
3306
60
0

relay-log.info 記錄當前同步日志信息

235
mysql-bin.000030
391156558

3.停止myslq服務(wù),刪除master.info和relay-log.info

# service mysql stop

/data/datafile/ # rm master.info

/data/datafile/ # rm relay-log.info

4.啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)

# service mysql start

5.重新CHANGE MASTER,重新啟動(dòng)SLAVE服務(wù).

問(wèn)題應該就可以解決了.