這篇文章主要講解了“怎么實(shí)現Samba文件共享服務(wù)”，文中的講解內容簡(jiǎn)單清晰，易于學(xué)習與理解，下面請大家跟著(zhù)小編的思路慢慢深入，一起來(lái)研究和學(xué)習“怎么實(shí)現Samba文件共享服務(wù)”吧！
配置用戶(hù)認證共享
服務(wù)端操作：
1.關(guān)閉防火墻，關(guān)閉selunix
[root@hejie ~]# setenforce 0 [root@hejie ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
2.安裝軟件包
[root@hejie ~]# yum install samba-* -y
3.啟動(dòng)smb并設置開(kāi)機自啟
[root@hejie ~]# systemctl start smb [root@hejie ~]# systemctl enable smb Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
關(guān)于Samba的配置文件
[root@hejie ~]# grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/samba/smb.conf [global] //全局參數 workgroup = SAMBA //工作組名稱(chēng) 非常重要 security = user //安全驗證方式，總共四種 //share：無(wú)需驗證身份，簡(jiǎn)單方便，安全性差 //user：需要驗證用戶(hù)密碼才可以訪(fǎng)問(wèn)，安全性高 //server：需要通過(guò)三方驗證賬號密碼，（集中管理賬戶(hù)） //domain：使用域控制器進(jìn)行身份驗證 passdb backend = tdbsam //定義用戶(hù)后臺的類(lèi)型，共有三種 //smbpasswd：為系統用戶(hù)設置Samba服務(wù)程序的密碼 //tdbsam：創(chuàng )建數據庫文件并使用pdbedit命令建立Samba服務(wù)程序的用戶(hù) //ldapsam：基于LDAP服務(wù)進(jìn)行賬戶(hù)驗證 printing = cups //設置Samba共享打印機的類(lèi)型 printcap name = cups //設置共享打印機的配置文件 load printers = yes //設置在Samba服務(wù)啟動(dòng)時(shí)是否共享打印機設備 cups options = raw //打印機的選項 [homes] //共享參數 comment = Home Directories //描述信息 valid users = %S, %D%w%S //允許訪(fǎng)問(wèn)該共享的用戶(hù) browseable = No //指定共享信息是否可見(jiàn) read only = No inherit acls = Yes [printers] comment = All Printers 任意字符串 path = /var/tmp 共享目錄路徑 printable = Yes create mask = 0600 browseable = No 指定該共享是否可以瀏覽 [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/drivers write list = root 允許寫(xiě)入該共享的用戶(hù) create mask = 0664 directory mask = 0775
4.添加用戶(hù)"zhengran"，不創(chuàng )建家目錄，并設置密碼。
[root@hejie ~]# useradd -M zhengran [root@hejie ~]# smbpasswd -a zhengran New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: Added user zhengran.
假設這里映射"zhengran"用戶(hù)為share用戶(hù)，那么就要在/etc/samba/smbusers文件中添加如下內容：
[root@hejie ~]# echo 'zhengran = share' > /etc/samba/smbusers
5.在全局配置中添加如下內容：
[root@hejie ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf [global] workgroup = SAMBA security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers //添加此行內容 passdb backend = tdbsam
6.創(chuàng )建一個(gè)共享目錄“zhengran”，并更改其屬主屬組為用戶(hù)“zhengran”
[root@hejie ~]# mkdir /opt/zhengran [root@hejie ~]# chown -R zhengran.zhengran /opt/zhengran/ [root@hejie ~]# ll /opt/ total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 zhengran zhengran 6 Aug 7 17:22 zhengran
7.配置共享
[root@hejie ~]# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf <[zhengran] //共享名 > comment = zhengranwoaini //注釋信息 > path = /opt/zhengran //共享目錄路徑 > browseable = yes //指定該共享是否可以瀏覽 > guest ok = yes //指定該共享是否允許guset賬戶(hù)訪(fǎng)問(wèn) > writable = yes //指定目錄是否可寫(xiě) > write list = share //允許寫(xiě)入該共享的用戶(hù)，組要用@表示，例如： write list = root，@root > public = yes //是否允許匿名訪(fǎng)問(wèn) > EOF
8.用testparm檢查配置文件是否有語(yǔ)法錯誤，可顯示最終生效的配置
[root@hejie ~]# testparm Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384) Processing section "[homes]" Processing section "[printers]" Processing section "[print$]" Processing section "[zhengran]" Loaded services file OK. Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions # Global parameters [global] workgroup = SAMBA printcap name = cups security = USER username map = /etc/samba/smbusers idmap config * : backend = tdb cups options = raw [homes] comment = Home Directories browseable = No inherit acls = Yes read only = No valid users = %S %D%w%S [printers] comment = All Printers path = /var/tmp browseable = No printable = Yes create mask = 0600 [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/drivers create mask = 0664 directory mask = 0775 write list = root [zhengran] comment = zhengranwoaini path = /opt/zhengran guest ok = Yes read only = No write list = share
9.重啟smb
[root@hejie ~]# systemctl restart smb
客戶(hù)端上操作：
1.安裝工具包
[root@hyj ~]# yum install samba-client cifs-utils -y
在客戶(hù)機查看samba服務(wù)端有哪些共享資源
[root@hyj ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.56.11 -U share Enter SAMBA\share's password: Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- print$ Disk Printer Drivers zhengran Disk zhengranwoaini IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.6.2) Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing. Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- -------
3.創(chuàng )建目錄，并將samba服務(wù)器的共享資源zhengran掛載到客戶(hù)機本地
[root@hyj ~]# mkdir /opt/ran [root@hyj ~]# mount -t cifs //192.168.56.11/zhengran /opt/ran -o username=share,password=123 [root@hyj ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/CentOS-root 17G 1016M 16G 6% / devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 993M 8.5M 984M 1% /run tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 125M 890M 13% /boot tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0 //192.168.56.11/zhengran 47G 5.4G 42G 12% /opt/ran
4.在客戶(hù)機掛載點(diǎn)創(chuàng )建新文件
[root@hyj ~]# cd /opt/ran/ [root@hyj ran]# touch 1 2 3 [root@hyj ran]# ls 1 2 3
5.在服務(wù)器上驗證
[root@hejie ~]# cd /opt/zhengran/ [root@hejie zhengran]# ls 1 2 3
配置匿名共享
服務(wù)端
1.修改配置文件
[root@hejie ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf [global] workgroup = SAMBA security = user map to guest = Bad User //添加此行
2.創(chuàng )建共享目錄
[root@hejie ~]# mkdir /opt/ranran [root@hejie ~]# chmod 777 /opt/ranran/ [root@hejie ~]# ll /opt/ranran/ -d drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Aug 7 19:24 /opt/ranran/
3.配置共享
[root@hejie ~]# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf <[ran] > comment = ranranwoaini > path = /opt/ranran > browseable = yes > writable = yes > guest ok = yes > public = yes > EOF
4.重啟服務(wù)
[root@hejie ~]# systemctl restart smb
5.在客戶(hù)機上查看服務(wù)器端有哪些共享資源
[root@hyj ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.56.11 -U 'Bad User' Enter SAMBA\Bad User's password: // 這里直接敲回車(chē)，不用輸入密碼 Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- print$ Disk Printer Drivers zhengran Disk zhengranwoaini ran Disk ranranwoaini IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.6.2) Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing. Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- -------
6.將samba服務(wù)器的共享資源ran掛在到客戶(hù)機上
[root@hyj ~]# mount -t cifs //192.168.56.11/ran /opt/ran -o username='Bad User' Password for Bad User@//192.168.56.11/ran: [root@hyj ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1016M 16G 6% / devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 993M 8.5M 984M 1% /run tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 125M 890M 13% /boot tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0 //192.168.56.11/ran 47G 5.4G 42G 12% /opt/ran
7.在客戶(hù)機上進(jìn)入共享目錄創(chuàng )建新文件
[root@hyj ~]# cd /opt/ran/ [root@hyj ran]# ls [root@hyj ran]# touch a b c [root@hyj ran]# ls a b c
8.在服務(wù)端驗證
[root@hejie ~]# cd /opt/ranran/ [root@hejie ranran]# ls a b c
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